Sorption of cadmium, zinc and copper in dominant soils of the Zagreb aquifer system, Croatia
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Published:
Jan 20, 2022
Keywords:
sorption, PTMs, soil contamination, Fluvisols, Gleysols, Cambisols, Zagreb aquifer system
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Abstract
Contamination of soils with potentially toxic metals (PTMs) is an environmental problem. In this study, sorption of cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in four soil profiles (two Fluvisols, one Gleysol, and one Cambisol), representing the dominant soils of the Zagreb aquifer system, were studied using a multi element laboratory batch test. Mathematical expressions were applied to establish the relationship between the concentration of the adsorbent in the liquid phase and the solid phaSe at equilibrium and in laboratory conditions. The study revealed that the investigated soils have a higher capacity to sorb Cu than Zn and Cd. The most significant physicochemical characteristics of soils, influencing sorption, are pH, carbonate content (minerals) and organic matter. Although all PTMs in all analyzed soils had a similar sorption capacity, the variation of sorption was higher in the siltic soils (Fluvisols) compared with the texturally finer (loamic) Gleysol and Cambisol soils, as well as in the subsoil horizons compared with the topsoils. Results indicate that sorption of PTMs is more influenced by physicochemical characteristics at different soil depths than by soil type, which is confirmed with a higher affinity for Zn and Cd bonding in the topsoil horizons. Also, it has been shown that Cd may pose more of a threat to soils and groundwater due to its toxicity and relatively high mobility in comparison with Zn and Cu.
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References
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BESNARD, E., CHENU, C. & ROBERT, M. (2001): Influence of organic amendments on copper distribution among particle-size and density fractions in Champagne vineyard soils.– Environmental Pollution, 112, 329–337. doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00151-2
BONTEN, L.T.C., ROMKENS, P.F.A.M. & BRUS, D.J. (2008): Contribution of heavy metal leaching from agricultural soils to surface water loads.– Environmental Forensics, 9, 252–257. doi: 10.1080/15275920802122981
BRADL, H.B. (2004): Adsorption of heavy metal ions on soils and soils constituents.– Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 277/1, 1–18. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.04.005
COVELO, E.F., MATÍAS J.M., VEGA F.A., REIGOSA M.J. & ANDRADE M.L. (2008): A tree regression analysis of factors determining the sorption and retention of heavy metals by soil.– Geoderma, 147, 75–85. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.08.001
DIŞLI, E. (2010): Batch and column experiments to support heavy metals (Cu, Zn and Mn) transport modeling in alluvial sediments between the Mogan lake and the Eymir Lake Gölbaşi, Ankara.– Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation, 30/3, 125–139. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01302.x
DURN, G., MIKO, S., ČOVIĆ, M., BARUDŽIJA, U., TADEJ, N., NAMJESNIKDEJANOVIĆ, K. & PALINKAŠ, L. (1999): Distribution and behaviour of selected elements in soil developed over a historical Pb–Ag mining site at Sv. Jakob, Croatia.– Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 67/1–3, 361–376. doi: 10.1016/S0375-6742(99)00064-3
ELBANA, T.A., SELIM, H.M., AKRAMI, N., NEWMAN, A., SHAHEEN, S.M. & RINKLEBE, J. (2018): Freundlich sorption parameters for cadmium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc for different soils: Influence of kinetics.– Geoderma, 324, 80–88. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.03.019
ELBANA, T.A. & SELIM, H.M. (2019): Modeling of cadmium and nickel release from different soils.– Geoderma, 338, 78–87. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.11.041
FAO (2006): Guidelines for Soil Description, 4th edition. FAO, Rome.
FONTES, M.P.F., DE MATOS, A.T., DA COSTA, L.M. & NEVES, J.C.L. (2000): Competitive adsorption of zinc, cadmium, copper, and lead in three highly weathered Brazilian soils.– Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 31, 2923–2958. doi: 10.1080/00103620009370640
GONZÂLEZ-COSTA, J.J., REIGOSA, M.J., MATÍAS J.M. & FERNÁNDEZ-COVELO, E. (2017): Analysis of the Importance of Oxides and Clays in Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn Adsorption and Retention with Regression Trees.– PLoS ONE, 12/1, 1–25. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168523
GUO X.Y., ZHANG, S.Z., SHAN, X.Q., LUO, L., PEI, Z.G., ZHU, Y.G., LIU, T., XIE, Y.N. & GAULT, A. (2006): Characterization of Pb, Cu, and Cd adsorption on particulate organic matter in soil.– Environmental Toxicology Chemistry, 25/9, 2366–2373. doi: 10.1897/05-636r.1
HE, G., ZHANG, Z., WU, X., CUI, M., ZHANG, J. & HUANG, X. (2020): Adsorption of Heavy Metals on Soil Collected from Lixisol of Typical Karst Areas in the Presence of CaCO3 and Soil Clay and Their Competition Behavior.– Sustainability, 12, 7315. doi: 10.3390/su12187315
HEAD, K.H. (1992): Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing.– Pentech press, London, 388 p.
HOUGH, R.L. (2010): Copper and Lead.– In: HOODA, P.S. (eds.): Trace Elements in Soils. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing: West Sussex, United Kingdom, 441–461. doi: 10.1002/9781444319477.ch18
IMTIAZ, M., ALLOWAY, B.J., ASLAM, M., MEMON, M.Y., KHAN, P., SIDDIQUI, S. & SHAH, S.K.H. (2006): Zinc sorption in selected soils.– Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 37, 1675–1688. doi: 10.1080/00103620600710330
ISO 10390 (2005): Soil quality-determination of pH.– International Organisation for Standardisation, Switzerland.
ISO 13536 (1995): Soil quality-determination of the potential cation exchange capacity and exchangeable cations using barium chloride solution buffered at pH = 8,1.–International Organisation for Standardisation: Geneva, Switzerland.
IUSS Working Group WRB. (2014): World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014: International Soil Classification System for Naming Soil and Creating Legends for Soil Maps; World Soil Resources Report; FAO: Rome, Italy, p.106.
JALALI, M. & MOHARRAMI, S. (2007): Competitive adsorption of trace elements in calcareous soils of Western Iran.– Geoderma, 140, 156–163. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.03.016
LICHNER, L., DLAPA, P., SIR, M., CIPAKOVA, A., HOUSKOVA, B., FASKO, P. & NAGY, V. (2006): The fate of cadmium in field soils of the Danubian lowland.– Soil & Tillage Research, 85, 154–165. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2005.01.011
MA, L., XU, R. & JUN, J. (2010): Adsorption and desorption of Cu(II) and Pb(II) in paddy soils cultivated for various years in the subtropical China.– Journal of Environmental Sciences, 22/5, 689–695. doi: 10.1016/S1001-0742(09)60164-9
MARTINEZ, C.E. & MOTTO, H.L. (2000): Solubility of lead, zinc and copper added to mineral soils.– Environmental Pollution, 107, 153–158. doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00111-6
MINKINA, T.M., PINSKII, D.L., BAUER, T.V., NEVIDOMSKAYA, D.G., MANDZHIEVA, S.S. & SUSHKOVA, S.N. (2017): Sorption of Cu by chernozems in southern Russia.– Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 174, 107–112. doi: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2016.06.002
NAKIĆ, Z., RUŽIČIĆ, S., POSAVEC, K., MILEUSNIĆ, M., PARLOV, J., BAČANI, A. & DURN, G. (2013): Conceptual model for groundwater status and risk assessment- case study of the Zagreb aquifer system.– Geologia Croatica, 66/1, 55–77. doi: 10.4154/GC.2013.05
NAN, Z., LI, J., ZHANG, J. & CHENG, G. (2002): Cadmium and zinc interactions and their transfer in soil-crop system under actual field conditions.– Science of the Total Environment, 285, 187–195. doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00919-6
OECD (2000), Test No. 106: Adsorption -- Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method, OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1, OECD Publishing, Paris, doi: 10.1787/9789264069602-en
PIETRZAK, U. & McPHAIL, D.C. (2004): Copper accumulation, distribution and fractionation in vineyard soils of Victoria, Australia.– Geoderma, 122, 151–166. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.005
ROMIĆ, M. & ROMIĆ, D. (2003): Heavy metals distribution in agricultural topsoils in urban area.– Environmental Geology, 43, 795–805. doi: 10.1007/s00254-002-0694-9
RULEY, A.T., SHARMA, N.C., SAHI, S.V., SHREE, S.R. & SAJWAN, K.S. (2006): Effects of lead and chelators on growth, photosynthetic activity and Pb uptake in Sesbaniadrummondii grown in soil.– Environmental Pollution, 144, 11–18. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.01.016
RUŽIČIĆ, S., MILEUSNIĆ, M., POSAVEC, K., NAKIĆ, Z., DURN, G. & FILIPOVIĆ, V. (2016): Water flow and solute transport model of potentially toxic elements through unsaturated zone at regional wellfield Kosnica.– Hydrological Processes, 30/22, 4113–4124. doi: 10.1002/hyp.10914
RUŽIČIĆ, S. & JAŠARAGIĆ-RAKO, T. (2017): Multielement sorption of cadmium, zinc, copper and lead onto a Fluvisol profile at the Stara Loza site, Croatia.– International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 62/1, 63–73. doi: 10.1504/IJEP.2017.088188
RUŽIČIĆ, S., KOVAČ, Z., PERKOVIĆ, D., BAČANI, L. & MAJHEN, LJ. (2019a): The Relationship between the Physicochemical Properties and Permeability of the Fluvisols and Eutric Cambisols in the Zagreb Aquifer, Croatia.– Geosciences, 9/10, 416. doi: 10.3390/geosciences9100416
RUŽIČIĆ, S., KOVAČ, Z. & BOROVČAK, T. (2019b): Possible Influence of Agriculture on an Unsaturated Zone in Croatia.– Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 28/6, 4341–4349. doi: 10.15244/pjoes/99305
SANGIUMSAK, N. & PUNRATTANASIN, P. (2014): Adsorption Behavior of Heavy Metals on Various Soils.– Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 23/3, 853–865.
SELIM, H.M., BUCHTER, B., HINZ, C. & MA, L. (1992): Modeling the Transport and Retention of Cadmium in Soils: Multireaction and Multicomponent Approaches.– Soil Science Society of American Journal, 56/4, 1004–1015. doi: 10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600040002x
SEUNTJENS, P., TIREZ, K., ŠIMŮNEK, J., VAN GENUCHTEN, MTH., CORNELIS, C. & GEUZENS, P. (2001): Aging effects on cadmium transport in undisturbed contaminated sandy soil column.– Journal of Environment Quality, 30, 1040–1050. doi: 10.2134/jeq2001.3031040x
SHAHEEN, S.M., TSADILAS, C.D., MITSIBONAS, T. & TZOUVALEKAS, M. (2009): Distribution coefficient of copper in different soils from Egypt and Greece.– Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 40, 214–226. doi: 10.1080/00103620802625625
SIPOS, P. (2009): Single element and competitive sorption of copper, zinc and lead onto a Luvisol profile.– Open Geosciences volume, 1/4, 404–415. doi: 10.2478/v10085-009-0035-2
SMOLDERS, E. & MERTENS, J. (2013): Cadmium.– In: ALLOWAY, B.J. (eds.): Heavy Metals in Soils: Trace Metals and Metalloids in Soils and Their Bioavailability. Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London, 283–311.
SOLLITTO, D., ROMIĆ, M., CASTRIGNANO, A., ROMIĆ, D. & BAKIĆ, H. (2010): Assessing heavy metal contamination in soils of the Zagreb region (Northwest Croatia) using multivariate geostatistics.– Catena, 80, 182–194. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2009.11.005
TRAKAL, L., KOMÁREK, M., SZÁKOVÁ, J., TLUSTOŠ, P., TEJNECKÝ, V. & DRÁBEK, O. (2012): Sorption Behavior of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn and Their Interactions in Phytoremediated Soil.– International Journal of Phytoremediation, 14/8, 806–819. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2011.628714
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